Unique technology

Unique technologies are technologies introduced in Age of Empires II: The Conquerors that are unique to a civilization and can be researched at the Castle. In The Conquerors, every civilizations but the Goths (who had two) had access to exactly one unique technology. From The Forgotten and onwards, every civilization has access to two unique technologies, one in the Castle Age and one in the Imperial Age. These technologies typically benefit one or more aspects of that civilization's characteristics and unique units.

Unique technologies can be disabled in favor of additional abilities and units via the "Full Tech Tree" option, thus granting a civilization access to contents that they normally cannot utilize (e.g. Native American civilizations can build Stables and train cavalry) at the cost of their characteristic upgrades that usually benefit their original playing style.

Note that unique technologies also feature in Age of Mythology and Age of Empires III. They are much more common in these games and thus are dealt with in the respective technology articles.

List of unique technologies

Castle Age

Civilization	Unique technology	Effect	Cost	Time
Aztecs	Atlatl	+1 Skirmisher attack and range	400 food, 350 gold	40
Berbers	Kasbah	+25% Castle work speed for team	250 food, 250 gold	40
Bohemians	Wagenburg Tactics	Gunpowder units move 15% faster	300 food, 300 gold	45
Britons	Yeomen	+1 Foot archer range +2 Tower attack	750 wood, 450 gold	60
Bulgarians	Stirrups	+33% Cavalry attack speed	400 food, 200 gold	35
Burgundians	Burgundian Vineyards	Farmers generate small amount of gold	400 food, 300 gold	45
Burmese	Howdah	Battle Elephants +1/+2 armor	400 food, 300 wood	40
Byzantines	Greek Fire	+1 Fire Ship range	250 food, 300 gold	40
Celts	Stronghold	+25% Castle and Tower attack speed	250 food, 200 gold	30
Chinese	Great Wall	+30% Wall and Tower HP	400 wood, 200 stone	40
Cumans	Steppe Husbandry	+100% Scout-line, Steppe Lancer, and Cavalry Archer training speed	200 food, 300 wood	40
Ethiopians	Royal Heirs	+100% Shotel Warrior training speed	300 food, 300 gold	40
Franks	Bearded Axe	+1 Throwing Axemen range	300 food, 300 gold	60
Goths	Anarchy	Huskarls can be trained at Barracks	450 food, 250 gold	40
Huns	Marauders	Tarkans can be trained at Stables	300 wood, 200 gold	40
Incas	Andean Sling	Minimum range of Skirmishers and Slingers removed	200 food, 300 gold	40
Indians	Sultans	+10% Gold gathering speed from all sources (Mines, trade, and Relics)	400 food, 400 wood	40
Italians	Pavise	+1 foot archer (except Skirmishers) and Condottiero armor and pierce armor	300 food, 150 gold	40
Japanese	Yasama	Towers fire 2 additional arrows	300 food, 300 wood	40
Khmer	Tusk Swords	+3 Battle Elephant attack	300 wood, 450 gold	40
Koreans	Panokseon (before the Definitive Edition) Eupseong (in the Definitive Edition)	Before DE: +15% Turtle Ship movement speed In DE: +2 Watch Tower line range	300 food, 300 wood	40
Lithuanians	Hill Forts	+3 Town Center range	250 food, 250 gold	40
Magyars	Corvinian Army	Magyar Huszar gold cost removed	200 food, 300 gold	40
Malay	Thalassocracy	Upgrades Docks into Harbors	300 food, 300 gold	40
Malians	Tigui	Town Centers can fire arrows without garrisoned units	200 food, 300 wood	40
Mayans	Obsidian Arrows (before the Definitive Edition) Hul'che Javelineers (in the Definitive Edition)	Before DE: +6 Archer attack against standard buildings In DE: Skirmishers throw 2 projectiles	300 food, 300 gold	40
Mongols	Nomads	Destroyed Houses still count towards population cap	300 wood, 150 gold	40
Persians	Boiling Oil (before the Definitive Edition) Kamandaran (in the Definitive Edition)	Before DE: +9 Castle attack against rams In DE: Archer-line costs 60 wood instead of 25 wood and 45 gold	Before DE: 200 wood, 100 stone In DE: 400 food, 300 gold	40
Poles	Szlachta Privileges	Knight-line costs -60% gold	500 food, 300 gold	45
Portuguese	Carrack	Ships +1/+1 armor	200 wood, 300 gold	40
Saracens	Madrasah	Monks return 33 gold when killed	200 food, 100 gold	30
Sicilians	First Crusade	Up to 5 Town Centers each spawn 7 Serjeants; units become more resistant to conversion	300 food, 600 gold	60
Slavs	Orthodoxy	Monks +3/+3 armor	200 food, 300 gold	40
Spanish	Inquisition	Monks and Missionaries convert faster	100 food, 300 gold	40
Tatars	Silk Armor	Scout-line, Steppe Lancer, and Cavalry Archer +1/+1 armor	400 wood, 300 gold	40
Teutons	Ironclad	+4 Siege weapon melee armor	400 wood, 350 gold	60
Turks	Sipahi	+20 Cavalry Archer HP	350 food, 150 gold	60
Vietnamese	Chatras	+100 Battle Elephant HP	250 food, 250 gold	40
Vikings	Chieftains	+5 Infantry attack against cavalry, +4 against camels	700 food, 500 gold	40

Imperial Age

Civilization	Unique technology	Effect	Cost	Time
Aztecs	Garland Wars	+4 Infantry attack	450 food, 750 gold	60
Berbers	Maghrabi Camels	Camel units regenerate	700 food, 300 gold	40
Bohemians	Hussite Reforms	Monks and Monastery upgrades have their gold cost replaced by food	800 food, 450 gold	45
Britons	Warwolf	Trebuchets do Area of Effect damage +100% accuracy against units	800 wood, 400 gold	40
Bulgarians	Bagains	+5 Militia-line armor	900 food, 450 gold	40
Burgundians	Flemish Revolution	Villagers are converted into Flemish Militia Flemish Militia can be trained at Town Centers	1,200 food, 650 gold	10
Burmese	Manipur Cavalry	+5 Cavalry attack against archers	650 food, 400 gold	40
Byzantines	Logistica	Cataphracts do trample damage +6 attack against infantry	800 food, 600 gold	50
Celts	Furor Celtica	+40% Siege Workshop units HP	750 food, 450 gold	50
Chinese	Rocketry	+2 Chu Ko Nu attack +4 Scorpion attack	600 wood, 600 gold	60
Cumans	Cuman Mercenaries	Team can train up to 10 free Elite Kipchaks	650 food, 400 gold	40
Ethiopians	Torsion Engines	Siege Workshop units blast radius increased	1,000 food, 600 gold	40
Franks	Chivalry	+40% Stables work speed	600 wood, 500 gold	40
Goths	Perfusion	+100% Barracks work speed	400 wood, 600 gold	40
Huns	Atheism	Relic and Wonder victories take +100 years longer -50% enemy Relic gold income	500 food, 500 gold	60
Incas	Couriers (before the Definitive Edition) Fabric Shields (in the Definitive Edition)	Kamayuk, Slinger, and Eagle-line +1/+2 armor	600 food, 600 gold	40
Indians	Shatagni	+1 Hand Cannoneer range	500 food, 300 gold	40
Italians	Silk Road	-50% Trade Cart and Trade Cog cost	500 food, 250 gold	60
Japanese	Kataparuto	+300% pack/unpack speed, +33% attack speed for Trebuchets	750 wood, 400 gold	60
Khmer	Double Crossbow	Ballista Elephants and Scorpions fire two projectiles	700 food, 400 gold	40
Koreans	Shinkichon	+1 Mangonel range	800 wood, 500 gold	60
Lithuanians	Tower Shields	+2 Spearman and Skirmisher pierce armor	500 food, 200 gold	40
Magyars	Recurve Bow	+1 Cavalry Archer attack and range	600 wood, 400 gold	40
Malay	Forced Levy	Militia-line gold cost converted to food	850 food, 500 gold	40
Malians	Farimba	+5 Cavalry unit attack	650 food, 400 gold	40
Mayans	El Dorado	+40 Eagle-line HP	750 food, 450 gold	70
Mongols	Drill	+50% Siege weapon movement speed	500 food, 450 gold	60
Persians	Mahouts	+30% War Elephant movement speed	300 food, 300 gold	50
Poles	Lechitic Legacy	Scout Cavalry-line deals trample damage	750 food, 550 gold	60
Portuguese	Arquebus	Improved gunpowder unit accuracy against moving targets Bombard Cannon and Bombard Tower projectiles move faster	700 food, 400 gold	40
Saracens	Zealotry	+20 Mameluke and Camel Rider HP	500 food, 450 gold	50
Sicilians	Scutage (in Lords of the West) Hauberk (in Dawn of the Dukes)	Team receives 15 gold per military unit Knight-line +1/+2 armor	500 food, 400 gold 500 food, 400 gold	60 45
Slavs	Druzhina	Infantry deals trample damage	1200 food, 500 gold	40
Spanish	Supremacy	+6 attack, +2/+2 armor, and +40 HP for Villagers	450 food, 250 gold	60
Tatars	Timurid Siegecraft	+2 Trebuchet range Flaming Camel can be trained at Castles	500 wood, 400 gold	50
Teutons	Crenellations	+3 Castle range Garrisoned infantry fire arrows	600 food, 400 stone	60
Turks	Artillery	+2 Bombard Tower, Bombard Cannon, and Cannon Galleon range	450 wood, 500 gold	40
Vietnamese	Paper Money	Team receives 500 gold	500 food, 300 wood	60
Vikings	Berserkergang	Berserks regenerate faster	850 food, 400 gold	40