Unique technologies are technologies introduced in Age of Empires II: The Conquerors that are unique to a civilization and can be researched at the Castle. In The Conquerors, every civilizations but the Goths (who had two) had access to exactly one unique technology. From The Forgotten and onwards, every civilization has access to two unique technologies, one in the Castle Age and one in the Imperial Age. These technologies typically benefit one or more aspects of that civilization's characteristics and unique units.
Unique technologies can be disabled in favor of additional abilities and units via the "Full Tech Tree" option, thus granting a civilization access to contents that they normally cannot utilize (e.g. Native American civilizations can build Stables and train cavalry) at the cost of their characteristic upgrades that usually benefit their original playing style.
Note that unique technologies also feature in Age of Mythology and Age of Empires III. They are much more common in these games and thus are dealt with in the respective technology articles.
List of unique technologies 
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Castle Age Edit
| Civilization | Unique technology | Effect | Cost | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aztecs | Atlatl | Skirmisher range and attack increased | 400 food, 350 gold | |
| Berbers | Kasbah | Working speed of Castles increased for the entire team | 250 food, 250 gold | |
| Britons | Yeomen | Archer range and Tower attack increased | 750 wood, 450 gold | |
| Bulgarians | Stirrups | Cavalry attack speed increased | 400 food, 200 gold | |
| Burmese | Howdah | Battle Elephant armor increased | 400 food, 300 wood | |
| Byzantines | Greek Fire | Fire Ship range increased | 250 food, 300 gold | |
| Celts | Stronghold | Castles and Towers fire faster | 250 food, 200 gold | |
| Chinese | Great Wall | Hit points of Walls and Towers increased | 400 wood, 200 stone | |
| Cumans | Steppe Husbandry | Scout Cavalry line, Steppe Lancers, and Cavalry Archers produced faster | 200 food, 300 wood | |
| Ethiopians | Royal Heirs | Shotel Warrior training time significantly decreased | 300 food, 300 gold | |
| Franks | Chivalry | Stables work faster | 400 wood, 400 gold | |
| Goths | Anarchy | Huskarls can be trained at Barracks | 450 food, 250 gold | |
| Huns | Marauders | Tarkans can be trained at Stables | 300 wood, 200 gold | |
| Incas | Andean Sling | Minimum range of Skirmishers and Slingers removed | 200 food, 300 gold | |
| Indians | Sultans | Gold gathering rate of all sources (Mines, trade, and Relics) increased | 400 food, 400 wood | |
| Italians | Pavise | Armor and pierce armor of foot archers increased | 300 food, 150 gold | |
| Japanese | Yasama | Towers fire extra arrows | 300 food, 300 wood | |
| Khmer | Tusk Swords | Battle Elephant attack increased | 200 wood, 300 gold | |
| Koreans | Panokseon | Turtle Ship speed increased | 300 food, 300 wood | |
| Lithuanians | Hill Forts | Town Center range increased | 250 food, 250 gold | |
| Magyars | Corvinian Army | Magyar Huszar gold cost removed | 200 food, 300 gold | |
| Malay | Thalassocracy | Turns Docks into Harbors | 300 food, 300 gold | |
| Malians | Tigui | Town Centers fire arrows even without garrisoned units | 200 food, 300 wood | |
| Mayans | Obsidian Arrows | Archer attack against standard buildings increased | 300 food, 300 gold | |
| Mongols | Nomads | Population is retained even if Houses are destroyed | 300 wood, 150 gold | |
| Persians | Boiling Oil (before the Definitive Edition) | Castles do more damage to rams | 200 wood, 100 stone | |
| Persians | Kamandaran (in the Definitive Edition) | Archer-line gold cost is replaced by additional wood cost | 400 food, 300 gold | |
| Portuguese | Carrack | Armor and pierce armor of ships increased | 200 wood, 300 gold | |
| Saracens | Madrasah | 33% of a Monk's gold cost are returned if he dies | 200 food, 100 gold | |
| Slavs | Orthodoxy | Monks have extra armor and pierce armor | 200 food, 300 gold | |
| Spanish | Inquisition | Monks and Missionaries convert faster | 100 food, 300 gold | |
| Tatars | Silk Armor | Scout cavalry and Cavalry Archers have more pierce armor | 400 wood, 300 gold | |
| Teutons | Ironclad | Siege weapons have more melee armor | 400 wood, 350 gold | |
| Turks | Sipahi | Cavalry Archer hit points increased | 350 food, 150 gold | |
| Vietnamese | Chatras | Battle Elephant hit points increased | 250 food, 250 gold | |
| Vikings | Chieftains | Infantry do more damage to cavalry | 400 food, 300 gold |
