Unique technology

Unique technologies are technologies introduced in Age of Empires II: The Conquerors that are unique to a civilization and can be researched at the Castle. In The Conquerors, every civilizations but the Goths (who had two) had access to exactly one unique technology. From The Forgotten and onwards, every civilization has access to two unique technologies, one in the Castle Age and one in the Imperial Age. These technologies typically benefit one or more aspects of that civilization's characteristics and unique units.

Unique technologies can be disabled in favor of additional abilities and units via the "Full Tech Tree" option, thus granting a civilization access to contents that they normally cannot utilize (e.g. Native American civilizations can build Stables and train cavalry) at the cost of their characteristic upgrades that usually benefit their original playing style.

Note that unique technologies also feature in Age of Mythology and Age of Empires III. They are much more common in these games and thus are dealt with in the respective technology articles.

List of unique technologies

Castle Age

Civilization	Unique technology	Effect	Cost
Aztecs	Atlatl	Skirmisher range and attack increased	400 food, 350 gold
Berbers	Kasbah	Working speed of Castles increased for the entire team	250 food, 250 gold
Britons	Yeomen	Archer range and Tower attack increased	750 wood, 450 gold
Bulgarians	Stirrups	Cavalry attack speed increased	400 food, 200 gold
Burmese	Howdah	Battle Elephant armor increased	400 food, 300 wood
Byzantines	Greek Fire	Fire Ship range increased	250 food, 300 gold
Celts	Stronghold	Castles and Towers fire faster	250 food, 200 gold
Chinese	Great Wall	Hit points of Walls and Towers increased	400 wood, 200 stone
Cumans	Steppe Husbandry	Scout Cavalry line, Steppe Lancers, and Cavalry Archers produced faster	200 food, 300 wood
Ethiopians	Royal Heirs	Shotel Warrior training time significantly decreased	300 food, 300 gold
Franks	Chivalry	Stables work faster	400 wood, 400 gold
Goths	Anarchy	Huskarls can be trained at Barracks	450 food, 250 gold
Huns	Marauders	Tarkans can be trained at Stables	300 wood, 200 gold
Incas	Andean Sling	Minimum range of Skirmishers and Slingers removed	200 food, 300 gold
Indians	Sultans	Gold gathering rate of all sources (Mines, trade, and Relics) increased	400 food, 400 wood
Italians	Pavise	Armor and pierce armor of foot archers increased	300 food, 150 gold
Japanese	Yasama	Towers fire extra arrows	300 food, 300 wood
Khmer	Tusk Swords	Battle Elephant attack increased	200 wood, 300 gold
Koreans	Panokseon (before the Definitive Edition)	Turtle Ship speed increased	300 food, 300 wood
Koreans	Eupseong (since the Definitive Edition)	Tower range increased	300 food, 300 wood
Lithuanians	Hill Forts	Town Center range increased	250 food, 250 gold
Magyars	Corvinian Army	Magyar Huszar gold cost removed	200 food, 300 gold
Malay	Thalassocracy	Turns Docks into Harbors	300 food, 300 gold
Malians	Tigui	Town Centers fire arrows even without garrisoned units	200 food, 300 wood
Mayans	Obsidian Arrows	Archer attack against standard buildings increased	300 food, 300 gold
Mongols	Nomads	Population is retained even if Houses are destroyed	300 wood, 150 gold
Persians	Boiling Oil (before the Definitive Edition)	Castles do more damage to rams	200 wood, 100 stone
Persians	Kamandaran (in the Definitive Edition)	Archer-line gold cost is replaced by additional wood cost	400 food, 300 gold
Portuguese	Carrack	Armor and pierce armor of ships increased	200 wood, 300 gold
Saracens	Madrasah	33% of a Monk's gold cost are returned if he dies	200 food, 100 gold
Slavs	Orthodoxy	Monks have extra armor and pierce armor	200 food, 300 gold
Spanish	Inquisition	Monks and Missionaries convert faster	100 food, 300 gold
Tatars	Silk Armor	Scout cavalry and Cavalry Archers have more pierce armor	400 wood, 300 gold
Teutons	Ironclad	Siege weapons have more melee armor	400 wood, 350 gold
Turks	Sipahi	Cavalry Archer hit points increased	350 food, 150 gold
Vietnamese	Chatras	Battle Elephant hit points increased	250 food, 250 gold
Vikings	Chieftains	Infantry do more damage to cavalry	400 food, 300 gold

Imperial Age

Civilization	Unique technology	Effect	Cost
Aztecs	Garland Wars	Infantry attack increased	450 food, 750 gold
Berbers	Maghrabi Camels	Camel Riders and Camel Archers regenerate	700 food, 300 gold
Britons	Warwolf	Trebuchets do Area of Effect damage	800 wood, 400 gold
Bulgarians	Bagains	Militia line have more armor	900 food, 450 gold
Burmese	Manipur Cavalry	Cavalry and Arambai attack against buildings increased	650 food, 400 gold
Byzantines	Logistica	Gives Cataphracts trample damage and additional attack bonus against infantry	800 food, 600 gold
Celts	Furor Celtica	Siege weapons' hit points increased	750 food, 450 gold
Chinese	Rocketry	Attack of Chu Ko Nu and Scorpions increased	600 wood, 600 gold
Cumans	Cuman Mercenaries	Player and allies can train up to 10 free Elite Kipchaks	650 food, 400 gold
Ethiopians	Torsion Engines	Siege Workshop units blast radius increased	1000 food, 600 gold
Franks	Bearded Axe	Range of Throwing Axemen increased	400 food, 400 gold
Goths	Perfusion	Barracks work faster	400 wood, 600 gold
Huns	Atheism	Relic and Wonder victories take longer, and the cost of Spies/Treason is decreased	500 food, 500 gold
Incas	Couriers (before the Definitive Edition) Fabric Shields (in the Definitive Edition).	Kamayuks, Slingers, and Eagles have extra armor	600 food, 600 gold
Indians	Shatagni	Hand Cannoneer range increased	500 food, 300 gold
Italians	Silk Road	Trade Carts and Trade Cogs cost decreased	500 food, 250 gold
Japanese	Kataparuto	Trebuchets fire and pack/unpack faster	750 wood, 400 gold
Khmer	Double Crossbow	Ballista Elephants and Scorpions fire two projectiles	700 food, 400 gold
Koreans	Shinkichon	Mangonel range increased	800 wood, 500 gold
Lithuanians	Tower Shields	Spearmen and Skirmishers have more pierce armor	500 food, 200 gold
Magyars	Recurve Bow	Cavalry Archer range and attack increased	600 wood, 400 gold
Malay	Forced Levy	Militia line gold cost removed	1000 food, 600 gold
Malians	Farimba	Attack of Stable units increased	650 food, 400 gold
Mayans	El Dorado	Eagle Warrior hit points increased	750 food, 450 gold
Mongols	Drill	Siege Workshop units movement speed increased	500 food, 450 gold
Persians	Mahouts	War Elephant speed increased	300 food, 300 gold
Portuguese	Arquebus	Gunpowder units accuracy improved	700 food, 400 gold
Saracens	Zealotry	Mameluke and Camel Rider hit points increased	750 food, 800 gold
Slavs	Druzhina	Infantry does Area of Effect damage	1200 food, 500 gold
Spanish	Supremacy	Villager combat skill increased	450 food, 250 gold
Tatars	Timurid Siegecraft	Trebuchets have more range and unlocks Flaming Camels	400 wood, 500 gold
Teutons	Crenellations	Castle range increased, and garrisoned infantry now fires arrows	600 food, 400 stone
Turks	Artillery	Bombard Tower, Bombard Cannon, and Cannon Galleon range increased	500 gold, 450 stone
Vietnamese	Paper Money	Player and allies receive 500 gold	500 food, 300 wood
Vikings	Berserkergang	Berserk regeneration rate increased	850 food, 400 gold