Indian Villagers cannot gather food from herdable animals like Sacred Cows, which generate XP instead. This rate can be increased by tasking them to Sacred Fields.
Sacred Cows can be captured by non-Indian players, in which case they will behave like regular Cows.
Navajo Shepherds (+100% auto gather; +30% from Livestock Pens, Farms, Villages, Livestock Markets, and Haciendas) Large Scale Gathering (+50% from Farms; Native Americans only) Selective Breeding (+25% from Livestock Pens, Farms, Villages, Livestock Markets, and Haciendas) Punjabi New Year (+10% from Livestock Pens, Farms, Villages, Livestock Markets, and Haciendas)
Gives a trickle of 0.75 export/s; banner army cost -15% export; Indian units cost +2.5% (Hindu Villagers, Fishing Boats, and Sacred Cows cost +5% instead); +1 Hindu Villager
The Sacred Cow is a reference to the fact that Hinduism considers cattle (cows and bulls) as sacred animals. For this reason, their meat isn't eaten by Hindus, but their milk is often used in religious rituals. Also, it is generally considered that killing a cattle, whether intentionally or accidentally, counts as a mortal sin in Hinduism – almost equal to a murder (as the Sacred Field's in-game history section states).
Because of this, cows often roam free in busy streets of major cities in modern-day India such as Delhi and Mumbai; there is a common misconception that if one blocks a road, traffic builds up or people move around it, although in reality this is rarely the case.