Mongols

Not to be confused with Mangonel, the siege weapon.

The Mongols are an Ease Asian civilization in Age of Empires II. They focus on mounted archers.

The Mongols were a collection of nomadic tribes from the steppes of Central Asia and Siberia. They were fierce warriors who are known for establishing the largest contiguous overland empire in human history. At the beginning of the 13th century, the Mongol clans became united under Temujin who later became known as Genghis Khan following a campaign of foreign conquest of more developed and technologically advanced civilizations across East Asia, Europe, and the Middle East. At its height, their empire stretched from Korea across Asia and into European Russia to the Baltic Sea coast. They held most of Asia Minor, modern Iraq, modern Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Tibet, parts of India, parts of Burma, all of China, and parts of Vietnam.

Although greatly outnumbered in many key battles, the Mongols utilized a variety of guerilla warfare tactics involving highly skilled cavalry archers whose long range and accuracy provided by the unprecedented Mongol recurve bow gave them a great advantage on the battlefield. Much of the army consisted of light cavalry which were extremely light troops compared to those of other armies. This allowed them to execute tactics and maneuvers that would otherwise have been impractical. Having this mobility made it possible to send them on successful scouting missions, gathering intelligence about routes and terrain suited to the preferred combat tactics of the Mongols. This is reflected by their civilization bonuses which benefit their cavalry archers and Light Cavalry, team bonus which increases the Line of Sight of Light Cavalry, and their unique technology.

Overview
As a cavalry archer civilization, the Mongols have excellent Cavalry Archers, arguably the best of all civilizations. This is due to their higher Rate of Fire which greatly improves the effective damage output of not only Cavalry Archers, but also Mangudai. The other key unit of the Mongol army, the Hussar, comes with great advantages, too, with greater Line of Sight which is extremely beneficial in the very early game for scouting, and higher HP. Put together, these units form a very threatening and very mobile force. This also works great with their excellent siege weapons which also receive a great speed boost thanks to Drill. Outside these areas of expertise the Mongols fare rather poorly. Their other archers and cavalry units miss important upgrades at the Blacksmith. The infantry, however, is solid despite missing the Halberdier. On the water, the lack of Dry Dock is really unfortunate since it means their ships miss out on an important speed boost. Otherwise, their navy is fair. Their Monks are among the worst of all civilizations, and their defensive structures and economy are also both very weak.

Campaign appearances
The Mongols have a campaign devoted to their civilization: Genghis Khan.

Unique unit

 * : Cavalry archer with an attack bonus against siege weapons

Unique technologies

 * : Makes Houses keep their population space if they are destroyed.
 * : Increases the movement speed of Siege Workshop units by +50%.

Civilization bonuses

 * Cavalry archers fire faster.
 * Light Cavalry and Hussars have +30% HP.
 * Hunters work +50% faster.

Team bonus

 * The Scout Cavalry line has +2 Line of Sight.

The Age of Kings

 * Can research Elite Cannon Galleon.
 * Mangudai only have a single attack bonus against siege weapons of +3 (+5 for Elite).
 * Mangudai have a Rate of Fire of 2.03.
 * Mangudai have an accuracy of 100%.
 * Mangudai move at a speed of 1.43.
 * Mangudai have a train time of 21 seconds.
 * Mangudai (non-Elite) have a frame delay of 10.
 * Elite Mangudai have a frame delay of 0.

Changes in The Conquerors

 * Drill introduced.
 * Mangudai gain a +1 attack bonus against Spearmen.
 * Mangudai Rate of Fire increased (made slower) to 2.13.
 * Mangudai accuracy lowered to 95%.
 * Mangudai speed increased to 1.45.
 * Mangudai train time increased to 26 seconds.

Changes in The Forgotten

 * Elite Cannon Galleon removed from the technology tree.
 * Nomads introduced.
 * Mangudai attack bonus against siege weapons reduced to +1.
 * Mangudai receive an attack bonus against rams of +3 (+5 for Elite).
 * Mangudai (non-Elite) frame delay reduced to 5.

Changes in The African Kingdoms

 * Initially can research Arrowslits. With patch 4.8, it was removed from the technology tree.
 * With patch 4.8, Elite Mangudai now have a frame delay of 5.
 * With patch 4.8, Mangudai get back their initial attack bonus of +3 (+5 for Elite) against siege weapons. The attack bonus against rams is removed.

In-game dialogue language
In-game, Mongol units speak Mongolian.


 * General
 * tiim uu? - Yes?
 * zuitei - Correct
 * za za (за за) - Okay
 * belen baina (бэлэн баина / ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠨᠠ) - I am ready
 * bi bolgoyo - I fulfill
 * zahir - Command
 * amar mend uu? - Hello; also means 'How are you doing?'
 * tek kim
 * modchin - Lumberer
 * amitan tejeegch (амьтан тэжээгч / ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠭᠴᠢ) - Bad translation, it means 'animal raiser'
 * anchin (анчин / ᠠᠩᠴᠢᠨ) - Hunter
 * zagaschin (загасчин / ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤᠴᠢᠨ) - Fisher
 * khuduh aj akui erklegch - Farmer, also bad translation
 * uurhaichin (уурхайчин / ᠠᠭᠤᠷᠬᠠᠶᠢᠴᠢᠨ) - Miner
 * barilgachin (барилгачин / ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠴᠢᠨ) - Builder
 * zasvarchin (засварчин / ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠴᠢᠨ) - Repairer
 * tushaal sons (тушаал сонс / ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠰᠣᠨᠣᠰ) - Listen to a command
 * belen (бэлэн / ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠨ) - Ready
 * tiim (тийм / ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ) - Yes
 * guitsetgey - Will do
 * medlee, guitsetgey - Got it, will do
 * hurailan davsh! - Advance with a "hurray"
 * bayldahnd! - Engage!
 * uragshaa davshaad! - Advance forward!


 * Monk
 * soyorchi
 * amar mend uu? - Hello, how are you?
 * surgahli sons - Listen to wise words
 * za zuite - Yes, correct
 * bolgohson uu? - Have you done it?
 * bolgoyo - I fulfill
 * tiim uu? - Yes?

AI Player Names
When playing a random map game against the computer, the player may encounter any of the following Mongol AI characters:


 * Batu Khan: A Mongol ruler and founder of the Golden Horde, division of the Mongol Empire. Batu was a son of Jochi and grandson of Genghis Khan.
 * Chepe (Jebe or Jebei): One of the prominent Noyans (generals) of Genghis Khan. He belonged to the Besud clan, part of the Taichud tribe, which was under Targudai Khiriltug's leadership at the time of Genghis Khan.
 * Genghis Khan (c. 1162 – August 18, 1227; born Temüjin): The Great Khan and founder of the Mongol Empire, which became the largest contiguous empire in history after his death. He came to power by uniting many of the nomadic tribes of Northeast Asia. After founding the Empire and being proclaimed "Genghis Khan", he launched the Mongol invasions that conquered most of Eurasia. Campaigns initiated in his lifetime include those against the Qara Khitai, Caucasus, and Khwarazmian, Western Xia and Jin dynasties.
 * Guyuk Khan: The third Great Khan of the Mongol Empire, the eldest son of Ögedei Khan and a grandson of Genghis Khan. He reigned from 1246 to 1248.
 * Kabul: The first known Khan of the Khamag Mongol confederation and great-grandfather to Genghis Khan.
 * Khubilai Khan: The fifth Khagan of the Mongol Empire, reigning from 1260 to 1294 (although due to the division of the empire this was a nominal position). He also founded the Yuan dynasty in China as a conquest dynasty in 1271, and ruled as the first Yuan emperor until his death in 1294.
 * Kitboga: A Nestorian Christian of the Turkic Naiman tribe, a group that was subservient to the Mongol Empire. He was a lieutenant and confidant of the Mongol Ilkhan Hulagu, assisting him in his conquests in the Middle East.
 * Kushluk: A member of the Naiman tribe of western Mongolia who became the last ruler of Qara Khitai empire. The Naimans were defeated by Genghis Khan and he fled westward to the Qara Khitai, where he became an advisor. He later rebelled, usurped the throne, and took control of Qara Khitai. He was killed in 1218 by the Mongols and the domain of the Qara Khitai absorbed into the rising Mongol Empire.
 * Mongke Khan: The fourth Khagan of the Mongol Empire, ruling from 1251 to 1259. He was the first Khagan from the Toluid line, and made significant reforms to improve the administration of the Empire during his reign.
 * Ogedei Khan: The third son of Genghis Khan and second Great Khan of the Mongol Empire, succeeding his father. He continued the expansion of the empire that his father had begun, and was a world figure when the Mongol Empire reached its farthest extent west and south during the Mongol invasions of Europe and East Asia.
 * Subotai: An Uriankhai general, and the primary military strategist of Genghis Khan and Ögedei Khan. He directed more than twenty campaigns in which he conquered thirty-two nations and won sixty-five pitched battles, during which he conquered or overran more territory than any other commander in history. He gained victory by means of imaginative and sophisticated strategies and routinely coordinated movements of armies that were hundreds of kilometers away from each other.
 * Tamerlane: A Turco-Mongol conqueror. As the founder of the Timurid Empire in Persia and Central Asia he became the first ruler in the Timurid dynasty. According to John Joseph Saunders, Timur's background was Iranized and not steppe nomadic.
 * Toktamish Khan: A prominent khan of the Blue Horde, briefly unified the White Horde and Blue Horde subdivisions of the Golden Horde into a single state. He descended from Genghis Khan's grandson, Tuqa-Timur.
 * Uzbeg: The longest-reigning khan of the Golden Horde, under whose rule the state reached its zenith.